Failure to Succeed – Blame the Brain

Freakonomics: Before you commit to those New Year’s resolutions, you might want to read Jonah Lehrer’s recent article on the limitations of willpower. “Most of us assume that self-control is largely a character issue,” he writes, “and that we would follow through on our New Year’s resolutions if only we had a bit more discipline. But this research suggests that willpower itself is inherently limited, and that our January promises fail in large part because the brain wasn’t built for success.” Instead of trying to lose weight, quit smoking, and pay off your credit cards all at once, Lehrer suggests spreading those resolutions out so as not to overtax the brain.

Source: Blame it on The Brain, How Not to Keep a Resolution

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Posting will begin again tomorrow

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Nationalization: The process of a national government taking over the ownership of a private business or industry, usually in conjunction with a major revolution that establishes a communistic or socialist command economy. Nationalization was a common practice, sort of a fad, during the 1950s,1960s, and 1970s. Even non-revolutionary industrialized countries in Europe jumped onto the nationalization bandwagon. The United States also took at stab at nationalizing passenger train service when Amtrak was established in 1970.

Natural Selection: The notion that firms best suited to the economic environment on the ones that tend to survive. The natural selection of business firms is an adaptation of the biological process of natural selection, in which biological entities best suited to the natural environment are the ones that survive. The notion of natural section suggests that even if firms do NOT actively, consciously pursue the profit-maximization goal, assuming they do is not necessarily unreasonable. Those firms that approximate the goal of profit-maximization, whether intentionally or accidently, are the ones most likely to survive and remain in business.

New Classic Economy: A body of economic thought emerging in the last quarter of the 20th century based on greater reliance on voluntary market exchanges, a laissez faire approach to government policies, and recognition of the supply-side of the economy. New classical economics, as the name implies, is a rejuvenation of classical economics that dominated economic thought from the 1770s to the 1930s and was developed to counter Keynesian economics that was prevalent from the 1930s to the 1970s.

Nondurable Good: A good bought by consumers that tends to last for less than a year. Common examples are food and clothing. The notable thing about nondurable goods is that consumers tend to continue buying them regardless of the ups and downs of the business cycle.

Norris-Laguardia Act: A Congressional act passed in 1932 that outlawed the use of yellow-dog contracts by employers and made it more difficult for firms to use legal injunctions against labor unions. This act strengthened labor related provisions of the Clayton Act and foreshadowed the more favorable attitude toward labor unions under the ensuing Roosevelt administration.

All definitions are provided by AmosWeb

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MB: As the year ends an onslaught of economic indicators are being released to the public; many in which have shown promising data.  For example a report released today showed a 7% increase on existing home sales.  Additionally BEA reported a 2.8% increase in GDP for the third quarter.  This is good news for the economy and has stimulated a new trend in economic debates.  Rather than discussing whether or not our economy is recovering, we are now questioning if the recovery is sustainable.  Within this discussion the main controversy is the continuation of government stimulus spending. 

Joseph Stiglitz a noble prize winner in 2001 states: While this week’s figures on gross domestic product are “very good,” the numbers would be “miserable” without stimulus measures enacted by the Obama administration.” He urged the U.S. and other countries not to pull back on efforts to shore up economies.

“When we look at if workers can get jobs, if they can work full time, if businesses are able to sell goods they produce, in those terms, we are nowhere near the end of recession” in the U.S., said Stiglitz, 66, the former chief economist at the World Bank. The U.S. job market is still “in very bad shape.”

Below is a blog post from Blogging Stocks, which explains how former FED chairman Alan Greenspan feels about stimulus spending. 

Former U.S. Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan said 2009’s bull market in stocks is reducing the need for additional stimulus actions, Bloomberg News reported Thursday.

Aided by U..S. stock market gains, U.S. household net worth increased by $2.7 trillion in Q3 to $53.4 trillion, according to data compiled by the U.S. Federal Reserve.

When portfolio values rise due to stock, bond, or other asset gains, it increases wealth and its impact on economic activity, called the ‘wealth effect.’

"The stimulus is only a third spent, and its order of magnitude is not large enough to compare with the strength and power of the remarkable global equity increase that’s occurred since early March," Greenspan told Bloomberg News Wednesday. "Capital gains have proved a far greater stimulus than one can attribute to the $787 billion program that has been only partially spent." Greenspan added that increasing spending beyond fiscal/monetary funds committed to-date may not be not needed because higher stock prices and earnings increases will make loans easier to access.

Economic Analysis: Another positive development for the U.S. economy. The subject of wealth and its relationship to income is a topic that’s been worthy of many books, dissertations, and treatises, but briefly, here: perhaps the most important impact of the increased wealth is the enhanced capital position of banks, and the resulting improvement to their balance sheets. Hopefully, it will prompt more lending to small/medium sized businesses who need the capital to expand operations.

The wealth effect is also positively correlated with consumer spending: provided those who increase their spending are in a sound financial position to do so, the impact of the likely boost in consumption will represent another tailwind for the U.S. economy.

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A Great Day For Economic Indicators

Corporate Profits
http://www.bea.gov/national/index.htm#corporate

County Compensation by Industry*
http://www.bea.gov/newsreleases/regional/comp/comp_newsrelease.htm

Existing Home Sales
http://www.realtor.org/Research.nsf/Pages/EHSdata
Note:  Release time is at 10 a.m.

Flow of Funds Accounts of the United States (Z1)
http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/z1/
Note:  Release time is at 4:30 p.m.

Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
http://www.bea.gov/newsreleases/national/gdp/gdpnewsrelease.htm

Mass Layoffs (Monthly)
http://www.bls.gov/news.release/mmls.toc.htm
Note:  Release time is at 10 a.m.

Richmond Fed Manufacturing Survey

http://www.richmondfed.org/research/regional_economy/surveys_of_
business_conditions/manufacturing/index.cfm

Note:  Release time is at 10 a.m.

Richmond Fed Survey of Services and Retail Activity

http://www.richmondfed.org/research/regional_economy/surveys_
of_business_conditions/service_sector/

Note:  Release time is at 10 a.m.

Commercial Paper
http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/cp

Economic and Financial Indicators (updated daily)
http://www.fedstats.gov

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Compensation of Employees: Percent Change 2007 -2008

From: Bureau of Labor and Statistics

Compensation grew in over 80 percent of the 3,112 counties in the U.S., as the average annual compensation per job in the U.S. grew by 2.6 percent to $56,116, according to statistics released today by the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA).¹ Total compensation of U.S. workers grew 2.3 percent in 2008, as net job losses partially offset compensation growth. Inflation measured by the national price index for personal consumption expenditures, grew 3.3 percent.

Large counties, those with at least $10 billion in total compensation, represent 5.4 percent of the 3,112 counties in the U.S., but account for almost two-thirds (65.9 percent) of total national compensation. In these 168 counties, all metropolitan:

  • Total compensation grew by 1.9 percent in 2008, ranging from -5.9 percent in Lee County, Florida to 16.8 percent in St. Louis City, Missouri
  • Average annual compensation per job grew by 2.3 percent in 2008, ranging from $42,730 in El Paso County, Texas to $117,509 in New York County (Manhattan), New York
  • The mining sector had the largest rate of growth for total compensation in 2008 at 14.1 percent, while the real estate and rental and leasing sector had the largest rate of contraction at -2.3 percent
  • The professional, scientific, and technical services sector represented the largest share of 2008 total compensation at 10.7 percent

Medium sized counties, those with total compensation of at least $1 billion and less than $10 billion, represent 21.8 percent of all U.S. counties, and account for 25.8 percent of total national compensation. In these 679 counties:

  • Total compensation grew by 2.9 percent in 2008, ranging from -10.2 percent in Howard County, Indiana to 17.6 percent in Lea County, New Mexico
  • Average annual compensation per job grew by 3.1 percent in 2008, ranging from $32,827 in Sevier County, Tennessee to $98,417 in North Slope Borough, Alaska
  • The mining sector had the largest rate of growth for total compensation in 2008 at 15.1 percent, while the real estate and rental and leasing sector had the largest rate of contraction at -1.1 percent
  • The health care and social assistance sector represented the largest share of 2008 total compensation at 11.7 percent

Small counties, those with total compensation of less than $1 billion, represent the remaining 72.8 percent of all U.S. counties, but account for only 8.3 percent of total national compensation. In these 2,265 counties:

  • Total compensation grew by 3.1 percent in 2008, ranging from -22.6 percent in Jenkins County, Georgia to 94.2 percent in Trimble County, Kentucky
  • Average annual compensation per job grew by 3.7 percent in 2008, ranging from $27,285 in Petroleum County, Montana to $91,585 in Eureka County, Nevada
  • The mining sector had the largest rate of growth for total compensation in 2008 at 14.9 percent, while durable manufacturing sector had the largest rate of contraction at -2.0 percent
  • The local government sector represented the largest share of 2008 total compensation at 16.5 percent
  • Map of US county compensation
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Everyone’s a capitalist on the way up and a socialist on the way down.

A Blog post from Carpe Diem

There’s an old saying: “Everyone’s a capitalist on the way up and a socialist on the way down.” People want it all—to reap the benefits of free markets, but be protected against any downside. Capitalism won’t abide. And that’s a good thing. It’s a system of inherent checks and balances, which can be swift and brutal during the pruning process. In rough times, we seem willing to sacrifice free markets’ benefits for perceived security from this process. Still, if free markets were restricted, what would happen to those checks? Subprime problems (or Bernie Madoff’s) were not revealed by regulators, but by markets. Note, politicians are human, too.

Capitalism and free markets are not ever-stable. They work precisely because they compel folks to take risks and seek to create excess value out of existing capital, in whatever form that might be. They’re examples of constant change and innovation. Change isn’t always comfortable—and much of it will fail—but when it moves society in a more efficient direction, society certainly becomes more profitable.

During crises, the balance always tilts toward government and away from capitalism. This doesn’t mean capitalism is done. But such things are always said in times like these. Government “solutions” can only carry the economy so far—it’s up to capitalism to drive real, sustained growth. That is, it’s up to the people who make an economy, not its turgid overseers.

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By Candice Choi, AP Personal Finance Writer

NEW YORK (AP) — It’s no mistake. This credit card’s interest rate is 79.9 percent.

The bloated APR is how First Premier Bank, a subprime credit card issuer, is skirting new regulations intended to curb abusive practices in the industry. It’s a strategy other subprime card issuers could start adopting to get around the new rules.

Typically, the First Premier card comes with a minimum of $256 in fees in the first year for a credit line of $250. Starting in February, however, a new law will cap such fees at 25 percent of a card’s credit line.

In a recent mailing for a preapproved card, First Premier lowers fees to just that limit — $75 in the first year for a credit line of $300. But the new law doesn’t set a cap on interest rates. Hence the 79.9 APR, up from the previous 9.9 percent.

Read More Here….

MB: Shocking! For those of us who wish to avoid the outstanding interest rates of First Premier Banks credit card, the Visa Black Card is an alternative.  The new Visa Black Card takes luxury to a whole other level; offering 24/7 superior concierge service as one of their many benefits, also including a variety of insurance coverage’s and the best luxury rewards a credit card company can offer.  There is one problem however, it is nearly impossible to get approval; only 1% of Americans have the income and credit to get approval for the Visa Black Card.  Visa wants to ensure that only the richest and most prestige people in the world can use this product. 

http://finance.yahoo.com/news/Credit-cards-newest-trick-799-apf-3359014390.html?x=0&.v=4

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More on the Crisis – Is it Over?

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From The Economist:

Girls on Top

IT HAS been known for a while that stressful conditions such as famine result in more girls being born than happens in good times. The shift in the sex-ratio is tiny—around 1%—but in a large population that is still noticeable. A possible evolutionary explanation is that daughters are likely to mate and produce grandchildren regardless of condition, whereas weedy sons may fail in the struggle to have the chance to reproduce at all. In hard times, then, daughters are a safer evolutionary bet. Regardless of why the shift happens, though, it has long been argued that the moment when it happens is conception—or, more probably, implantation. A womb exposed to stress hormones, runs the hypothesis, is less likely to accommodate a male fetus.

A recently published study, however, suggests this ain’t necessarily so. According to Ralph Catalano of the University of California, Berkeley, and his colleagues, writing in the American Journal of Human Biology, stress-induced sex selection can take place long after conception and implantation.

Famines being rare in America these days, Dr Catalano and his colleagues used unemployment as their stressful event. They studied the birth records of the state of California from April 1995 to December 2007, and compared these with the number of new claims for unemployment insurance. Based on hints from earlier work, they looked specifically at unemployment claims that had wider social resonance than the firing of a few individuals—namely those in which an employer sacked 50 workers or more in one go. These mass lay-offs, it might be hypothesised, are more like natural catastrophes, such as famines, than isolated accidents that cause a few people to fall on hard times.

The researchers discovered that mass lay-offs did, indeed, lead to fewer boys being born. Over the whole period 52.4% of births were of boys. In some months, though, that fell as low as 51.2%. Teasing out the statistics suggested that the stress of mass lay-offs probably caused these drops, but that the lay-offs in question could happen months after conception. Male fetuses were, in other words, being spontaneously aborted—presumably as a consequence of stress.

Click here to see what this means for the original hypothesis. 

MB: For more information on the links between wealth and breeding click here.  According to this theory and the one mentioned in an earlier post, in times of economic crisis, when incomes are lower, and high unemployment rates are steady, population growth rates should increase, and children that are being born during these times are more likely to be girls than boys. 

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