Mexican’s Worried About 2010

Time Magazine

Forget 2012. As far as many Mexicans are concerned, the ancient Mayas were being generous: the sky’s actually going to fall next year. Why? Because it’s 2010, Mexico’s bicentennial, and Mexican history has an eerie way of repeating itself. Mexico’s 1910 centennial, after all, saw the start of the bloody, decade-long Mexican Revolution, which killed more than a million people. And that cataclysm was precisely a century after the start of Mexico’s bloody, decade-long War of Independence in 1810.

You get the picture. As a result, there’s been no shortage of talk lately about possible unrest, especially in the form of armed rebel groups, erupting south of the border in 2010. But is there really a basis for concern? None as apparent as the popular grievances that existed in 1809 or 1909. But this is still Mexico; and while Spanish colonizers no longer oppress the country, and dictators like Porfirio Diaz aren’t brutalizing campesinos, the country nonetheless is reeling from the worst criminal violence in its history and one of its hardest economic slumps. "We are very near a social crisis," JosÉ Narro, the director of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) in Mexico City, said recently. "The conditions are there." (Will the world end in 2012? What the Mayan prophecy is and how the movies see it.)

http://news.yahoo.com/s/time/20091231/wl_time/08599195005100

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MB: As the year ends an onslaught of economic indicators are being released to the public; many in which have shown promising data.  For example a report released today showed a 7% increase on existing home sales.  Additionally BEA reported a 2.8% increase in GDP for the third quarter.  This is good news for the economy and has stimulated a new trend in economic debates.  Rather than discussing whether or not our economy is recovering, we are now questioning if the recovery is sustainable.  Within this discussion the main controversy is the continuation of government stimulus spending. 

Joseph Stiglitz a noble prize winner in 2001 states: While this week’s figures on gross domestic product are “very good,” the numbers would be “miserable” without stimulus measures enacted by the Obama administration.” He urged the U.S. and other countries not to pull back on efforts to shore up economies.

“When we look at if workers can get jobs, if they can work full time, if businesses are able to sell goods they produce, in those terms, we are nowhere near the end of recession” in the U.S., said Stiglitz, 66, the former chief economist at the World Bank. The U.S. job market is still “in very bad shape.”

Below is a blog post from Blogging Stocks, which explains how former FED chairman Alan Greenspan feels about stimulus spending. 

Former U.S. Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan said 2009’s bull market in stocks is reducing the need for additional stimulus actions, Bloomberg News reported Thursday.

Aided by U..S. stock market gains, U.S. household net worth increased by $2.7 trillion in Q3 to $53.4 trillion, according to data compiled by the U.S. Federal Reserve.

When portfolio values rise due to stock, bond, or other asset gains, it increases wealth and its impact on economic activity, called the ‘wealth effect.’

"The stimulus is only a third spent, and its order of magnitude is not large enough to compare with the strength and power of the remarkable global equity increase that’s occurred since early March," Greenspan told Bloomberg News Wednesday. "Capital gains have proved a far greater stimulus than one can attribute to the $787 billion program that has been only partially spent." Greenspan added that increasing spending beyond fiscal/monetary funds committed to-date may not be not needed because higher stock prices and earnings increases will make loans easier to access.

Economic Analysis: Another positive development for the U.S. economy. The subject of wealth and its relationship to income is a topic that’s been worthy of many books, dissertations, and treatises, but briefly, here: perhaps the most important impact of the increased wealth is the enhanced capital position of banks, and the resulting improvement to their balance sheets. Hopefully, it will prompt more lending to small/medium sized businesses who need the capital to expand operations.

The wealth effect is also positively correlated with consumer spending: provided those who increase their spending are in a sound financial position to do so, the impact of the likely boost in consumption will represent another tailwind for the U.S. economy.

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Compensation of Employees: Percent Change 2007 -2008

From: Bureau of Labor and Statistics

Compensation grew in over 80 percent of the 3,112 counties in the U.S., as the average annual compensation per job in the U.S. grew by 2.6 percent to $56,116, according to statistics released today by the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA).¹ Total compensation of U.S. workers grew 2.3 percent in 2008, as net job losses partially offset compensation growth. Inflation measured by the national price index for personal consumption expenditures, grew 3.3 percent.

Large counties, those with at least $10 billion in total compensation, represent 5.4 percent of the 3,112 counties in the U.S., but account for almost two-thirds (65.9 percent) of total national compensation. In these 168 counties, all metropolitan:

  • Total compensation grew by 1.9 percent in 2008, ranging from -5.9 percent in Lee County, Florida to 16.8 percent in St. Louis City, Missouri
  • Average annual compensation per job grew by 2.3 percent in 2008, ranging from $42,730 in El Paso County, Texas to $117,509 in New York County (Manhattan), New York
  • The mining sector had the largest rate of growth for total compensation in 2008 at 14.1 percent, while the real estate and rental and leasing sector had the largest rate of contraction at -2.3 percent
  • The professional, scientific, and technical services sector represented the largest share of 2008 total compensation at 10.7 percent

Medium sized counties, those with total compensation of at least $1 billion and less than $10 billion, represent 21.8 percent of all U.S. counties, and account for 25.8 percent of total national compensation. In these 679 counties:

  • Total compensation grew by 2.9 percent in 2008, ranging from -10.2 percent in Howard County, Indiana to 17.6 percent in Lea County, New Mexico
  • Average annual compensation per job grew by 3.1 percent in 2008, ranging from $32,827 in Sevier County, Tennessee to $98,417 in North Slope Borough, Alaska
  • The mining sector had the largest rate of growth for total compensation in 2008 at 15.1 percent, while the real estate and rental and leasing sector had the largest rate of contraction at -1.1 percent
  • The health care and social assistance sector represented the largest share of 2008 total compensation at 11.7 percent

Small counties, those with total compensation of less than $1 billion, represent the remaining 72.8 percent of all U.S. counties, but account for only 8.3 percent of total national compensation. In these 2,265 counties:

  • Total compensation grew by 3.1 percent in 2008, ranging from -22.6 percent in Jenkins County, Georgia to 94.2 percent in Trimble County, Kentucky
  • Average annual compensation per job grew by 3.7 percent in 2008, ranging from $27,285 in Petroleum County, Montana to $91,585 in Eureka County, Nevada
  • The mining sector had the largest rate of growth for total compensation in 2008 at 14.9 percent, while durable manufacturing sector had the largest rate of contraction at -2.0 percent
  • The local government sector represented the largest share of 2008 total compensation at 16.5 percent
  • Map of US county compensation
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Everyone’s a capitalist on the way up and a socialist on the way down.

A Blog post from Carpe Diem

There’s an old saying: “Everyone’s a capitalist on the way up and a socialist on the way down.” People want it all—to reap the benefits of free markets, but be protected against any downside. Capitalism won’t abide. And that’s a good thing. It’s a system of inherent checks and balances, which can be swift and brutal during the pruning process. In rough times, we seem willing to sacrifice free markets’ benefits for perceived security from this process. Still, if free markets were restricted, what would happen to those checks? Subprime problems (or Bernie Madoff’s) were not revealed by regulators, but by markets. Note, politicians are human, too.

Capitalism and free markets are not ever-stable. They work precisely because they compel folks to take risks and seek to create excess value out of existing capital, in whatever form that might be. They’re examples of constant change and innovation. Change isn’t always comfortable—and much of it will fail—but when it moves society in a more efficient direction, society certainly becomes more profitable.

During crises, the balance always tilts toward government and away from capitalism. This doesn’t mean capitalism is done. But such things are always said in times like these. Government “solutions” can only carry the economy so far—it’s up to capitalism to drive real, sustained growth. That is, it’s up to the people who make an economy, not its turgid overseers.

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More on the Crisis – Is it Over?

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From The Economist:

Girls on Top

IT HAS been known for a while that stressful conditions such as famine result in more girls being born than happens in good times. The shift in the sex-ratio is tiny—around 1%—but in a large population that is still noticeable. A possible evolutionary explanation is that daughters are likely to mate and produce grandchildren regardless of condition, whereas weedy sons may fail in the struggle to have the chance to reproduce at all. In hard times, then, daughters are a safer evolutionary bet. Regardless of why the shift happens, though, it has long been argued that the moment when it happens is conception—or, more probably, implantation. A womb exposed to stress hormones, runs the hypothesis, is less likely to accommodate a male fetus.

A recently published study, however, suggests this ain’t necessarily so. According to Ralph Catalano of the University of California, Berkeley, and his colleagues, writing in the American Journal of Human Biology, stress-induced sex selection can take place long after conception and implantation.

Famines being rare in America these days, Dr Catalano and his colleagues used unemployment as their stressful event. They studied the birth records of the state of California from April 1995 to December 2007, and compared these with the number of new claims for unemployment insurance. Based on hints from earlier work, they looked specifically at unemployment claims that had wider social resonance than the firing of a few individuals—namely those in which an employer sacked 50 workers or more in one go. These mass lay-offs, it might be hypothesised, are more like natural catastrophes, such as famines, than isolated accidents that cause a few people to fall on hard times.

The researchers discovered that mass lay-offs did, indeed, lead to fewer boys being born. Over the whole period 52.4% of births were of boys. In some months, though, that fell as low as 51.2%. Teasing out the statistics suggested that the stress of mass lay-offs probably caused these drops, but that the lay-offs in question could happen months after conception. Male fetuses were, in other words, being spontaneously aborted—presumably as a consequence of stress.

Click here to see what this means for the original hypothesis. 

MB: For more information on the links between wealth and breeding click here.  According to this theory and the one mentioned in an earlier post, in times of economic crisis, when incomes are lower, and high unemployment rates are steady, population growth rates should increase, and children that are being born during these times are more likely to be girls than boys. 

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Economic Indicators

Employer Costs for Employee Compensation*
http://www.bls.gov/news.release/ecec.toc.htm

Employment Projections*
http://www.bls.gov/news.release/ecopro.toc.htm

Federal Assistance Award Data System*
http://www.census.gov/govs/www/faadsmain.html

Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) Statement
http://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/fomccalendars.htm
Note:  Release time is at 2:15 p.m.

MBA Weekly Mortgage Applications Survey
http://www.mortgagebankers.org/ResearchandForecasts/ProductsandSurveys/WeeklyApplicationSurvey

New Residential Construction (Housing Starts)
http://www.census.gov/const/www/newresconstindex.html

Real Earnings
http://www.bls.gov/news.release/realer.nr0.htm

Report On Quality Changes For Motor Vehicles*
http://www.bls.gov/news.release/motveh.toc.htm

Social Security Programs Throughout the World: Africa*
http://www.ssa.gov/policy/docs/progdesc/ssptw/

Survey of Current Business*
http://www.bea.gov/scb/index.htm

U.S. International Transactions (Current Account) (Balance of Payments)
http://www.bea.gov/newsreleases/international/transactions/transnewsrelease.htm

Work Experience of the Population*
http://www.bls.gov/news.release/work.toc.htm

Commercial Paper
http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/cp

Economic and Financial Indicators (updated daily)
http://www.fedstats.gov

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Two Issues With Wage Flexibility

 

MB: Two fellow bloggers of the EconLog share two different views on the optimism of our economy.  Arnold Kling focuses his argument on the job assignment problem; he feels that people are confused on what jobs to get as the economy goes through readjustments which he calls “recalculation”.  A lot of truth can be seen in his statements, as government pumps money into specific industries (such as green industries), prospective employees are finding new and unique jobs that were not as readily available in years past. 

David Anderson agrees that this is an issue but feels “that markets with wage flexibility generally hand that problem just fine.”  Anderson partially blames government policy and intervention of wage flexibility.  More specifically he points to minimum wage and the extension of unemployment benefit duration well beyond the traditional 26 weeks.  Larry Summers wrote an article on unemployment which makes the claim that extending unemployment benefits actually increases unemployment.  This is a radical but valid claim.   Competition amongst prospective employees will allow markets access to readily available cheap labor. 

To read the discussion between the two click here.

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Expect Higher Food Prices in 2010

MB: There has been much talk between economists of how the recession will effect prices for basic consumer needs, such as cloths, housing, transportation, and food.  As 2010 approaches an onslaught of economic reports and indicators projecting the future of markets continue to be released. One such report from the US Department of Agriculture on Nov. 25 forecasts 3 to 4 percent food inflation next year, up from an estimated 1.5 to 2.5 percent in 2009.

Throughout the recession we have seen people around the world cutting back on expenses in new and unique ways.  In a previous post it was indicated that in 2009 many Americans turned to farming their own foods to minimize the effects that food inflation had on their income.

According to Michael Swanson, a senior economist at Wells Fargo & Co.,  the rising milk, beef, pork and chicken prices will double the pace of US food inflation in 2010 as livestock supplies shrink and rebounding economics boost demand. 

foodindex

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Top Five Reasons Why the New Jobs Plan Will Not Work

 

MB: A large pool of economic analysts believe that providing aid to the small business sector will create jobs. Earlier this week the President proposed a plan which would use roughly 150 billion dollars to provide tax cuts and government backed loans for small business. However noble this may appear there are several issues, below are the top five reasons why the new proposed plan will not be helpful to our economy.

1. Green jobs are dangerous – Over the last decade Spain has focused a great deal of their resources to generate green jobs; their efforts have been successful but at a great cost. The study of the Effect on Employment of Public Aid to Renewable Energy Sources indicates that over the last eight years every green job created in Spain came at a cost of 2.2 regular jobs, and only one tenth of the newly created green jobs became a permanent job.

President Obama, in fact, housed Spain’s green initiatives as a blueprint for how the United States should use federal funds to stimulate the economy. The author of the study, Dr. Gabriel Calzada, an economics professor at Juan Carlos University in Madrid, said the United States should expect results similar to those in Spain

2. Output jobs – There is little doubt that jobs will be created from more government spending. The issue is the output that the newly created jobs will produce. Hypothetically if legislation is passed which states that there must be a hole dug in every American’s backyard, the laborers digging the whole will be paid for their short termed work, but the holes in the backyards provide no economic value.

3. Short term tax relief – Nothing more really needs to be said about short term tax relief, it is self explanatory. Unemployment and economic crisis is not a quick fix, permanent less extreme tax breaks should be considered.

4. Targeted tax relief – Tax relief should not be targeted to support a few industries. Though some industries have a much larger impact on the economy, tax relief should be given to the entire small business sector, rather than industries focused on creating more green jobs.

5. Intentions are misleading – Double digit unemployment concerns from the American people and legislators, has resulted in yet again more government spending on programs that have not worked as promised. The President assured that TARP funds would keep unemployment below 8 percent, clearly not the case. Time and time again we witness our government making quick irrational decisions in an attempt to gain public approval. Do not be naive to believe that this administration is the only one that has done this. However the current conditions of our economy make these decisions a much greater risk to the American people.

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